Reference
The Swiss tax words that arrive in your post
Forty-nine terms, each with what it means, the article of law behind it, and what it does to your return.
- 49 terms
- Cited to the statute
- English explanations
AHV (Alters- und Hinterlassenenversicherung)
Swiss old-age and survivors insurance, the first pillar of the Swiss three-pillar pension system
Key Details
- Mandatory social insurance for all Swiss residents (Art. 1 AHVG)
- Financed through payroll contributions (Art. 33 AHVG)
- Provides retirement and survivor benefits (Art. 14-32 AHVG)
- Contribution rate: 8.7% of salary (split between employee and employer)
- Minimum contribution: CHF 530 per year for non-employed persons
- Contributions are fully tax-deductible
- Voluntary contributions possible for self-employed persons
Related Terms
Bundessteuer (Federal Tax)
Taxes levied by the Swiss federal government on income according to DBG
Key Details
- Direct federal tax on income (Art. 1 DBG)
- Progressive tax rates for individuals (Art. 36 DBG)
- Flat rate for corporations: 8.5% (Art. 68 DBG)
- Collected by cantonal tax authorities (Art. 2 DBG)
- Taxable income includes worldwide income for Swiss residents
- No federal wealth tax — wealth tax is levied only at cantonal and communal level
- Marginal rates for individuals reach a maximum of 11.5%
Related Terms
BVG (Berufliche Vorsorge)
Occupational pension provision, the second pillar of the Swiss three-pillar pension system
Key Details
- Mandatory occupational pension for employees earning above CHF 22,680 per year
- Financed through employer and employee contributions
- Provides retirement, disability, and survivor benefits
- Managed by pension funds (Pensionskassen)
- Portable between employers
Related Terms
Corporate Tax (Gewinnsteuer)
Tax levied on the profits of Swiss corporations and other legal entities according to DBG
Key Details
- Federal corporate tax rate: 8.5% (Art. 21 DBG)
- Cantonal and municipal taxes vary by location (Art. 2 DBG)
- Total effective rate typically 12-25% depending on canton
- Taxable income includes worldwide profits (Art. 3 DBG)
- Various deductions and exemptions available (Art. 58-60 DBG)
- Special rates for holding companies and mixed companies
- Tax consolidation possible for corporate groups
Related Terms
Double Taxation (Doppelbesteuerung)
Taxation of the same income by two or more countries
Key Details
- Can occur when income is taxed in source country and residence country
- Switzerland has tax treaties with 100+ countries to prevent double taxation
- Relief provided through tax credits or exemptions
- Important for international businesses and expatriates
- Documentation required to claim relief
Related Terms
EO (Erwerbsersatzordnung)
Swiss compensation for loss of earnings during military service
Key Details
- Compensates for loss of earnings during military service
- Financed through payroll contributions
- Rate: 0.5% of salary
- Paid by employer and employee
- Provides income replacement during service
Related Terms
Federal Tax (Bundessteuer)
Taxes levied by the Swiss federal government
Key Details
- Direct federal tax on income and wealth
- Progressive tax rates
- Applies to all Swiss residents
- Collected by cantonal tax authorities
- Used to finance federal government operations
Related Terms
Gemeinde (Municipality)
Swiss municipality or commune, the smallest administrative unit
Key Details
- Smallest administrative unit in Switzerland
- Can levy municipal taxes
- Responsible for local services
- Tax rates vary by municipality
- Important for tax planning and compliance
Related Terms
Holding Company (Holdinggesellschaft)
Company that owns shares in other companies and receives dividend income
Key Details
- Special tax treatment for holding companies
- Reduced tax rates on dividend income
- Must meet certain criteria
- Used for tax planning and investment structures
- Subject to specific regulations
Related Terms
IV (Invalidenversicherung)
Swiss disability insurance, part of the social insurance system
Key Details
- Provides benefits for disabled persons
- Financed through payroll contributions
- Rate: 8.7% of salary (combined with AHV)
- Covers medical and rehabilitation costs
- Provides disability pensions
Related Terms
Jahresabschluss (Annual Financial Statements)
Annual financial statements required for Swiss companies
Key Details
- Required for all Swiss companies
- Must be prepared according to Swiss GAAP
- Audited by certified auditors
- Filed with commercial register
- Used for tax return preparation
Related Terms
Kanton (Canton)
Swiss canton, one of the 26 federal states
Key Details
- One of 26 federal states in Switzerland
- Can levy cantonal taxes
- Tax rates vary significantly by canton
- Important for tax planning and business location
- Responsible for tax administration
Related Terms
Lohnsteuer (Payroll Tax)
Tax withheld from employee salaries by employers
Key Details
- Withheld from employee salaries
- Calculated based on tax tables
- Paid to tax authorities monthly
- Credited against annual tax liability
- Important for cash flow planning
Related Terms
Mehrwertsteuer (VAT)
Value-added tax levied on goods and services
Key Details
- Standard rate: 8.1%
- Reduced rate: 2.6% for essential goods
- Special rate: 3.8% for accommodation
- Registration required above CHF 100,000 turnover
- Monthly or quarterly returns required
Related Terms
Nettolohn (Net Salary)
Salary after deduction of taxes and social insurance
Key Details
- Salary after all deductions
- Includes tax, social insurance, and other deductions
- Amount received by employee
- Important for budgeting and financial planning
- Varies by canton and municipality
Related Terms
Ortsbürger (Local Citizen)
Person with local citizenship in a Swiss municipality
Key Details
- Person with local citizenship rights
- May have different tax treatment
- Important for tax residency determination
- Affects tax rates and deductions
- Historical concept in Swiss law
Related Terms
Pensionskasse (Pension Fund)
Institution managing occupational pension benefits
Key Details
- Manages BVG occupational pension benefits
- Can be company-specific or multi-employer
- Invests pension contributions
- Pays retirement and disability benefits
- Subject to federal supervision
Related Terms
Quellensteuer (Tax at Source)
Income tax deducted directly from the salary of foreign employees without a C permit
Key Details
- Deducted monthly from gross salary by the employer
- Applies to foreign workers without a C permit and to cross-border commuters
- Rates vary by canton, income, marital status, and number of children
- Residents earning above CHF 120,000 must additionally file an ordinary tax return
- Adjustments and corrections can be requested by March 31 of the following year
Related Terms
Rückstellung (Provision)
Accounting provision for future tax liabilities
Key Details
- Accounting provision for future tax payments
- Required for certain tax situations
- Affects financial statements
- Important for tax planning
- Subject to specific rules
Related Terms
Steuererklärung (Tax Return)
Annual tax return filed by individuals and companies according to DBG
Key Details
- Annual tax return form (Art. 75 DBG)
- Due by March 31 of following year (Art. 75 DBG)
- Reports income, deductions, and taxes (Art. 3-13 DBG)
- Can be filed electronically (Art. 75a DBG)
- Penalties for late filing: CHF 100-1,000 (Art. 76 DBG)
- Interest on overdue taxes: 5% per year (Art. 77 DBG)
- Extension possible with valid reasons
Related Terms
Transfer Pricing (Verrechnungspreise)
Pricing of transactions between related companies
Key Details
- Pricing of intercompany transactions
- Must be at arm's length
- Subject to documentation requirements
- Important for international businesses
- Can trigger tax audits
Related Terms
Umsatzsteuer (Turnover Tax)
Alternative term for VAT in Switzerland
Key Details
- Alternative term for VAT
- Same as Mehrwertsteuer
- Tax on goods and services
- Registration and return requirements
- Important for business compliance
Related Terms
Verrechnungssteuer (Anticipatory Tax)
Federal withholding tax of 35% levied on Swiss dividend and interest income
Key Details
- Withheld at source on dividends, bank interest, and lottery winnings
- Rate: 35%
- Fully refundable for Swiss residents who correctly declare the income
- Foreign residents may reclaim part or all of it under tax treaties
- Not the same as Quellensteuer, which is the tax at source on employment income
Related Terms
Wohnsitz (Domicile)
Tax domicile or residence for tax purposes
Key Details
- Tax domicile or residence
- Determines tax liability
- Based on physical presence and ties
- Important for tax planning
- Affects tax rates and deductions
Related Terms
Yacht Tax (Yachtsteuer)
Tax on luxury yachts and boats
Key Details
- Tax on luxury yachts and boats
- Varies by canton
- Based on value or length
- Important for luxury goods
- Subject to specific rules
Related Terms
Zinsabschlag (Interest Withholding)
Withholding tax on interest income
Key Details
- Withholding tax on interest income
- Rate: 35% for Swiss residents
- Can be reduced through tax treaties
- Credited against annual tax liability
- Important for investment income
Related Terms
DBG (Direkte Bundessteuer)
Swiss Federal Act on Direct Federal Taxation
Key Details
- Federal law governing direct federal taxation (SR 642.11)
- Regulates income and wealth taxation (Art. 1 DBG)
- Defines taxable persons and entities (Art. 2 DBG)
- Establishes tax rates and brackets (Art. 14-21 DBG)
- Sets filing deadlines and penalties (Art. 75-77 DBG)
- Provides for tax treaties and international cooperation
- Updated regularly by Federal Council
Related Terms
Steuerpflicht (Tax Liability)
Legal obligation to pay taxes according to Swiss law
Key Details
- Unlimited tax liability for Swiss residents (Art. 2 DBG)
- Limited tax liability for non-residents (Art. 2 DBG)
- Based on domicile, residence, or economic ties
- Applies to individuals and legal entities
- Worldwide income subject to Swiss taxation
- Tax liability ends with emigration (Art. 2a DBG)
- Special rules for cross-border workers
Related Terms
Steuerabzug (Tax Deduction)
Allowable deductions from taxable income according to DBG
Key Details
- Professional expenses up to CHF 2,000 (Art. 33 DBG)
- Social security contributions (Art. 33 DBG)
- Insurance premiums for health and accident (Art. 33 DBG)
- Interest on loans for business purposes (Art. 33 DBG)
- Donations to charitable organizations (Art. 33 DBG)
- Childcare expenses up to CHF 10,000 per child
- Special deductions for self-employed persons
Related Terms
Steuerstrafen (Tax Penalties)
Penalties for tax violations according to Swiss law
Key Details
- Late filing penalty: CHF 100-1,000 (Art. 76 DBG)
- Interest on overdue taxes: 5% per year (Art. 77 DBG)
- Tax evasion: up to 3 years imprisonment (Art. 175 StGB)
- Negligent tax fraud: fine up to CHF 100,000
- Intentional tax fraud: fine up to CHF 1,000,000
- Voluntary disclosure reduces penalties significantly
- Statute of limitations: 5 years for tax fraud
Related Terms
Official Sources:
Federal Act on Direct Federal Taxation (DBG) - Art. 76-77AHV-Beitragspflicht (AHV Contribution Obligation)
Legal obligation to pay AHV contributions according to Art. 1 AHVG
Key Details
- All persons gainfully employed in Switzerland (Art. 1 AHVG)
- Persons with Swiss residence (Art. 1 AHVG)
- Self-employed persons (Art. 1 AHVG)
- Contribution period: from age 20 to retirement age
- Minimum contribution for non-employed persons: CHF 530 per year
- For employees, contributions are due on the entire salary without a ceiling
- Voluntary contributions possible for gaps in coverage
Related Terms
Official Sources:
Federal Law on Old-Age and Survivors Insurance (AHVG) - Art. 1AHV-Rente (AHV Pension)
Old-age pension paid by the Swiss AHV system according to Art. 14-32 AHVG
Key Details
- Minimum full pension: CHF 1,260 per month
- Maximum full pension: CHF 2,520 per month
- Reference age: 65 for men and women (being phased in for women under the AHV 21 reform)
- Early withdrawal possible from age 63 (age 62 for women of the transitional generation)
- Deferring the pension up to age 70 increases it
- Pension calculated based on average income and contribution years
Related Terms
Official Sources:
Federal Law on Old-Age and Survivors Insurance (AHVG) - Art. 14-32Hinterlassenenrente (Survivor Pension)
Pension paid to surviving family members according to Art. 19-32 AHVG
Key Details
- Widow/widower pension: 60% of deceased spouse's pension (Art. 19 AHVG)
- Orphan pension: 20% of deceased parent's pension (Art. 20 AHVG)
- Parent pension: 20% of deceased child's pension (Art. 21 AHVG)
- Minimum survivor pension: CHF 717 per month (Art. 22 AHVG)
- Maximum survivor pension: CHF 1,434 per month (Art. 22 AHVG)
- Survivor pension paid for life or until remarriage (Art. 23 AHVG)
- Orphan pension paid until age 18 or 25 if studying (Art. 24 AHVG)
Related Terms
Official Sources:
Federal Law on Old-Age and Survivors Insurance (AHVG) - Art. 19-32AHV-Beitragssatz (AHV Contribution Rate)
Contribution rate for AHV insurance according to Art. 33 AHVG
Key Details
- Current AHV rate: 8.7% of gross salary (10.6% including IV and EO)
- Split equally between employee and employer
- Self-employed pay up to 10% AHV/IV/EO on a sliding scale
- No upper salary limit — contributions are due on the entire salary
- Minimum contribution for non-employed persons: CHF 530 per year
Related Terms
Official Sources:
Federal Law on Old-Age and Survivors Insurance (AHVG) - Art. 33AHV-Mindestbeitrag (AHV Minimum Contribution)
Minimum annual contribution to AHV according to Art. 33a AHVG
Key Details
- Minimum contribution: CHF 530 per year
- Applies to non-employed persons and persons with low income
- Ensures basic AHV coverage (Art. 33a AHVG)
- Paid by self-employed persons (Art. 33a AHVG)
- Paid by persons with gaps in employment (Art. 33a AHVG)
- Voluntary contribution to maintain coverage (Art. 33a AHVG)
- Tax-deductible contribution (Art. 33a AHVG)
Related Terms
Official Sources:
Federal Law on Old-Age and Survivors Insurance (AHVG) - Art. 33aAHV-Maximalbeitrag (AHV Maximum Contribution)
Maximum annual AHV contribution — only applies to non-employed persons
Key Details
- For employees there is NO salary ceiling — AHV contributions are due on the full salary
- Non-employed persons pay between CHF 530 and CHF 26,500 per year depending on wealth and pension income
- AHV contribution rate for employees: 8.7% of salary, split equally with the employer
- Contributions are tax-deductible
Related Terms
Official Sources:
Federal Law on Old-Age and Survivors Insurance (AHVG) - Art. 33AHV-Freiwillige Beiträge (AHV Voluntary Contributions)
Voluntary contributions to AHV to fill gaps in coverage according to Art. 33a AHVG
Key Details
- Missing contributions can be paid retroactively for up to 5 years
- Minimum contribution: CHF 530 per year
- Closing gaps improves the pension calculation
- Contributions are tax-deductible
- Swiss citizens and EU/EFTA nationals living abroad may join the voluntary AHV under certain conditions
Related Terms
Official Sources:
Federal Law on Old-Age and Survivors Insurance (AHVG) - Art. 33aAHV-Beitragsjahr (AHV Contribution Year)
Calendar year for AHV contribution calculation according to Art. 33 AHVG
Key Details
- Contribution year: January 1 to December 31
- Contributions calculated annually
- Minimum contribution for non-employed persons: CHF 530 per year
- AHV contribution rate: 8.7% of salary, with no upper salary limit
- Split equally between employee and employer
- Tax-deductible in the contribution year
Related Terms
Official Sources:
Federal Law on Old-Age and Survivors Insurance (AHVG) - Art. 33AHV-Beitragspflichtige (AHV Contributors)
Persons obligated to pay AHV contributions according to Art. 1 AHVG
Key Details
- All employed persons in Switzerland (Art. 1 AHVG)
- All persons with Swiss residence (Art. 1 AHVG)
- Self-employed persons (Art. 1 AHVG)
- Persons with gaps in employment (Art. 1 AHVG)
- Persons with low income (Art. 1 AHVG)
- Persons with voluntary coverage (Art. 1 AHVG)
- Persons with foreign coverage (Art. 1 AHVG)
Related Terms
Official Sources:
Federal Law on Old-Age and Survivors Insurance (AHVG) - Art. 1DBG-Steuersatz (DBG Tax Rate)
Tax rates under the Federal Act on Direct Federal Taxation according to Art. 14-21 DBG
Key Details
- Progressive tax rates for individuals (Art. 14 DBG)
- Tax rates range from 0.77% to 11.5% (Art. 14 DBG)
- Tax brackets adjusted annually (Art. 14 DBG)
- Flat rate for corporations: 8.5% (Art. 21 DBG)
- Tax rates vary by income level (Art. 14 DBG)
- Minimum tax rate: 0.77% (Art. 14 DBG)
- Maximum tax rate: 11.5% (Art. 14 DBG)
Related Terms
Official Sources:
Federal Act on Direct Federal Taxation (DBG) - Art. 14-21MWSTG-Steuersatz (MWSTG Tax Rate)
VAT rates under the Federal Act on Value Added Tax according to Art. 25 MWSTG
Key Details
- Standard rate: 8.1% (Art. 25 MWSTG)
- Reduced rate: 2.6% for essential goods (Art. 25 MWSTG)
- Special rate: 3.8% for accommodation (Art. 25 MWSTG)
- Current rates in force since 1 January 2024
- Rates apply to all taxable supplies (Art. 25 MWSTG)
- Rates published in the classified compilation (SR 641.20)
- Rate changes take effect from January 1
Related Terms
Official Sources:
Federal Act on Value Added Tax (MWSTG) - Art. 25Steuerpflichtiger (Taxable Person)
Person subject to Swiss taxation according to Art. 2 DBG
Key Details
- Unlimited tax liability for Swiss residents (Art. 2 DBG)
- Limited tax liability for non-residents (Art. 2 DBG)
- Based on domicile or residence (Art. 2 DBG)
- Applies to individuals and legal entities (Art. 2 DBG)
- Worldwide income subject to taxation (Art. 2 DBG)
- Tax liability ends with emigration (Art. 2a DBG)
- Special rules for cross-border workers (Art. 2 DBG)
Related Terms
Official Sources:
Federal Act on Direct Federal Taxation (DBG) - Art. 2Steuerpflichtiges Einkommen (Taxable Income)
Income subject to Swiss taxation according to Art. 3-13 DBG
Key Details
- Worldwide income for residents (Art. 3 DBG)
- Swiss-source income for non-residents (Art. 3 DBG)
- Employment income (Art. 4 DBG)
- Business income (Art. 5 DBG)
- Investment income (Art. 6 DBG)
- Capital gains (Art. 7 DBG)
- Various deductions allowed (Art. 8-13 DBG)
Related Terms
Official Sources:
Federal Act on Direct Federal Taxation (DBG) - Art. 3-13Steuerabzug (Tax Deduction)
Allowable deductions from taxable income according to Art. 8-13 DBG
Key Details
- Professional expenses up to CHF 2,000 (Art. 8 DBG)
- Social security contributions (Art. 9 DBG)
- Insurance premiums (Art. 10 DBG)
- Interest on loans (Art. 11 DBG)
- Charitable donations (Art. 12 DBG)
- Childcare expenses (Art. 13 DBG)
- Special deductions for self-employed (Art. 8-13 DBG)
Related Terms
Official Sources:
Federal Act on Direct Federal Taxation (DBG) - Art. 8-13Steuererklärungspflicht (Tax Return Obligation)
Legal obligation to file tax returns according to Art. 75 DBG
Key Details
- Annual tax return required (Art. 75 DBG)
- Due by March 31 of following year (Art. 75 DBG)
- Electronic filing possible (Art. 75a DBG)
- Penalties for late filing (Art. 76 DBG)
- Interest on overdue taxes (Art. 77 DBG)
- Extension possible with valid reasons (Art. 75 DBG)
- Special rules for certain taxpayers (Art. 75 DBG)
Related Terms
Official Sources:
Federal Act on Direct Federal Taxation (DBG) - Art. 75-77Steuerstrafen (Tax Penalties)
Penalties for tax violations according to Art. 76-77 DBG
Key Details
- Late filing penalty: CHF 100-1,000 (Art. 76 DBG)
- Interest on overdue taxes: 5% per year (Art. 77 DBG)
- Tax evasion: up to 3 years imprisonment (Art. 175 StGB)
- Negligent tax fraud: fine up to CHF 100,000
- Intentional tax fraud: fine up to CHF 1,000,000
- Voluntary disclosure reduces penalties significantly
- Statute of limitations: 5 years for tax fraud
Related Terms
Official Sources:
Federal Act on Direct Federal Taxation (DBG) - Art. 76-77Steuerbefreiung (Tax Exemption)
Exemptions from Swiss taxation according to Art. 14-21 DBG
Key Details
- Certain income types exempt (Art. 14 DBG)
- Charitable organizations exempt (Art. 15 DBG)
- Religious organizations exempt (Art. 16 DBG)
- Educational institutions exempt (Art. 17 DBG)
- Cultural organizations exempt (Art. 18 DBG)
- Sports organizations exempt (Art. 19 DBG)
- Special exemptions for certain activities (Art. 20-21 DBG)
Related Terms
Official Sources:
Federal Act on Direct Federal Taxation (DBG) - Art. 14-21Steuerermässigung (Tax Reduction)
Reductions in Swiss tax liability according to Art. 22-30 DBG
Key Details
- Reductions for certain circumstances (Art. 22 DBG)
- Reductions for families (Art. 23 DBG)
- Reductions for elderly (Art. 24 DBG)
- Reductions for disabled (Art. 25 DBG)
- Reductions for students (Art. 26 DBG)
- Reductions for military service (Art. 27 DBG)
- Special reductions for certain groups (Art. 28-30 DBG)
Related Terms
Official Sources:
Federal Act on Direct Federal Taxation (DBG) - Art. 22-30Steuererhebung (Tax Collection)
Collection of Swiss taxes according to Art. 31-40 DBG
Key Details
- Tax collection by cantonal authorities (Art. 31 DBG)
- Collection procedures (Art. 32 DBG)
- Payment deadlines (Art. 33 DBG)
- Interest on overdue payments (Art. 34 DBG)
- Penalties for non-payment (Art. 35 DBG)
- Collection enforcement (Art. 36 DBG)
- Special collection procedures (Art. 37-40 DBG)
Related Terms
Official Sources:
Federal Act on Direct Federal Taxation (DBG) - Art. 31-40Quick Reference Guide
Essential tax terms and concepts for quick reference.
Individual Tax
Corporate Tax
VAT
International
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Word photograph: Abbey of Saint Gall, St. Gallen in Switzerland, 20250502 1512 8632 by Jakub Hałun, CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons.